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There are a few key parts and components that are necessary in a novel. First of all you need to have a plot that is usually believable or at least possible. It also needs to have a setting which is a time and place the story will take place, a story will sometimes even have multiple settings. A novel definitely has to have characters that have to be believable and the reader has to be able to relate to those characters in some way. Also a novel is a story that is over 4,00 words long. Also a novel is usually written for entertainment purposes and shorter books/novels are usually called novellas or novelettes depending on the length. Also if it is a good novel that pulls the reader in and makes them want to read it again and again it typically makes the reader feel many different types of emotions and feelings at once like happiness, sadness, anger or fear.